中国新闻奖报纸、通讯社新闻专栏参评作品推荐表

中国新闻奖报纸、通讯社新闻专栏代表作基本情况

UK, China should focus on common interests

Philip Hammond

In the context of the damage wrought by the COVID-19 pandemic, the changes brought about by Britain's departure from the European Union and the further deterioration in global trade and economic productivity, it is important for the United Kingdom and China to return to business as usual.

My predecessor as chancellor of the exchequer of the United Kingdom, George Osborne, ensured that the Treasury was effectively running UK-China policy during his tenure. It was an approach that I have to admit slightly grated on me when I became foreign secretary in 2014. But it was one that I was only too happy to endorse two years later, picking up the baton from him and continuing, I hope, strengthening and deepening the reinvigorated relationship that he had started.

The UK-China trade relationship does not, of course, exist in a vacuum, and the background noise to that relationship over the last three years has been challenging. But facts remain facts. China is the world's second-largest economy, as well as the UK's sixth-largest export market and its fourth-largest trade partner overall.

Here's another fact: Many of our global partners have been quietly increasing their share of trade with China while we've seen ours stagnate over the pandemic period. So it's time now to roll our sleeves up and get that market share climbing as business returns to normal.

Those of us who are committed to strengthening UK-China trade understand that two countries with such different histories, cultures, political systems and national aspirations are bound to have differences, sometimes major differences of view. But we also share common interests in free trade, promoting an interconnected global trading system, securing our vital shipping routes and ensuring our energy supplies.

Political differences have never been and must not become an impediment to Britain's strength. The UK's history is one of trade-led diplomacy — a trade-first approach. We are, after all, the nation that sold boots to the Napoleonic armies while we were fighting them and ultimately defeating them. You cannot get more trade-first with that. And, quite honestly, if we only trade with people with whom we have no political differences, we can close half our ports tomorrow.

While we are very much focused on trade and investment, it is not only about economics. As we begin to address the challenge of climate change, China will be our indispensable partner in the battle against global warming, a battle that cannot be won without China's wholehearted commitment. So let us recognize honestly and openly that there are political differences between our two nations. And then let's redouble our commitment to growing our bilateral trade and investment, working together to address climate change and energy security, and building our people-to-people contacts to increase mutual understanding of our very different cultures.

The basis of all sustainable trade is, of course, mutual benefit. China's entry into the global economy four decades ago had a profound and beneficial effect on the living standards of ordinary people across the developed world, including in the UK. Foreign direct investment in China, including from the UK, helped China deliver a growth miracle that in turn has fueled an unparalleled noninflationary boom in consumption in the developed world.

Today, British companies seek opportunities in China's gradual opening of its financial services sector to foreign capital and knowhow. It is Chinese consumers of Chinese businesses that will revamp the benefit of competition, thereby driving productivity and raising the game of domestic financial services and disciplines — genuinely a win-win formula.

China's middle-income group has resumed its meteoric expansion, creating sustained growth in demand for imported high-end consumer products and retail financial services. British businesses must seek out and fulfill that demand and seize those opportunities, and they must be encouraged to do so by those in positions of power and influence.

Post-Brexit Britain has not yet set out its plan for the future and has not yet articulated how it will earn its living and maintain its prosperity. But I do know this: There is no credible plan for a prosperous future for a trading nation the size of the UK that involves turning its back on the world's second-largest economy.

Let us focus not on what divides us but on what unites us — making the case for free and fair trade, encouraging mutual openness to investment, and working together to combat climate change. Let us commit again so that UK-China trade will flourish in the post-Brexit era, and also reconnect to the openness, fairness and stability that have attracted so many foreign investors in the past — Chinese and others — to our shores.

The author is former chancellor of the exchequer of the United Kingdom. The views do not necessarily reflect those of China Daily.

英中两国应该聚焦共同利益

菲利普·哈蒙德

当前，新冠疫情导致经济衰退，英国脱欧加剧世界格局变动，全球贸易和生产力进一步恶化，在此背景下，英中两国恢复常态化经贸往来至关重要。

前一任英国财政大臣乔治·奥斯本在任时，财政部门积极有效地落实了对华政策。2014年，当我开始担任外交大臣时，我承认自己并不特别认可这种合作路径。但两年后，我变得非常乐意接过接力棒，在恢复向好的基础上加强和深化英中贸易关系。

英中贸易关系当然不是孤立存在的。过去三年，在种种因素的影响下，这段关系经历了许多挑战。但实际上，我们的伙伴关系仍然牢固。中国是世界第二大经济体，也是英国第六大出口市场和第四大贸易伙伴。

此外，在疫情期间，我发现英国与中国的贸易份额停滞不前，然而不少英国的伙伴国却悄悄增加与中国的贸易份额。所以现在正是撸起袖子加油干的时候，随着经贸恢复正常，要开始提高我们的市场份额了。

我们这些致力于加强英中贸易的人明白，两个国家拥有如此不同的历史、文化、政治体制和国家愿景，我们注定会存在分歧，有时甚至会有主要观点的分歧。但我们也在促进自由贸易、促进互联互通的全球贸易体系、保障重要航运路线的安全、保障能源供应等方面有共同利益。

政治分歧从来都不是、也绝不能成为英国发展的障碍。英国的历史是以贸易主导外交的历史——我们遵循贸易至上的路径。我们在与拿破仑作战并最终击败他们的时候，还依旧向拿破仑军队出售靴子。没有比这更贸易至上的例子了。坦白说，如果我们只和没有政治分歧的人进行贸易，我们明天就需要关闭一半港口了。

虽然我们非常注重贸易和投资，但合作不仅仅限于经济。当我们开始解决气候变化的挑战时，中国将是我们对抗全球变暖不可或缺的伙伴，这场战斗没有中国的全力支持不可能取得胜利，所以让我们坦然接受两国之间存在的政治分歧。同时，让我们加倍努力，增进双边贸易和投资，共同解决气候变化和能源安全问题，加强人民之间的联系，增进对我们对彼此截然不同文化的相互理解。

当然，所有可持续贸易是建立在互利互惠基础上的。四十年前，中国融入全球经济体系，这对英国在内的发达国家普通人的生活产生了深远而有益的影响。同样，英国等国家的投资也帮助中国实现了经济增长的奇迹，为发达国家创造了前所未有的非通货膨胀性消费繁荣。

如今，中国正逐步向外资和外国技术开放金融服务业，英国企业正在寻找其中的机会。中国企业和中国消费者将推动良性竞争并从中获益，促进生产力发展，并提升国内金融服务和制度建设水平——这是一个实实在在的双赢方案。

中国中等收入群体恢复了快速增长，对进口高端消费品和零售金融服务的需求持续增长。英国企业必须定位并满足这些需求，抓住这些机会，政府和有影响力的人必须鼓励他们这样做。

脱欧后的英国尚未制定未来计划，也尚未明确如何谋求生计、保持繁荣。但我深知：对于像英国这种规模的贸易国而言，要想实现繁荣的未来，与世界第二大经济体背道而驰的计划是不可靠的。

让我们别再执着于分歧，而是聚焦于共同利益——为自由和公平贸易辩护，鼓励两国开放投资，共同努力应对气候变化。让我们再一次许下承诺，让英中贸易在脱欧后的时代蓬勃发展，让我们重新建立起开放、公平和稳定的贸易环境，像过去那样吸引中国和其他投资者来到我们这片土地。

作者是英国前财政大臣，文章内容并不代表《中国日报》的观点。

中国新闻奖报纸、通讯社新闻专栏代表作基本情况

Belt and Road gives boost to the growth of Global South

Donald Ramotar

The Silk Road Economic Belt was officially proposed during President Xi Jinping's visit to Kazakhstan in September 2013. The following month, in Indonesia, Xi proposed the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. Together, these two proposals are known as the Belt and Road Initiative.  The initiative came at a time when the serious negative impacts of the 2008 global financial crisis were still being felt by developed as well as developing economies. It emerged at a time when the powerful imperialist states were seeking to solve their problems at the expense of the poor and weaker Global South countries.  This was manifested in growing protectionism, in which goods from developing countries became uncompetitive in the world market due to the massive subsidies that the large Western countries were giving to their companies, both in industry and agriculture. This policy caused an explosion of poverty in the world.  Basing its endeavors on its experience of opening-up at the end of the 1970s, China sought solutions that would not negatively affect the poor and powerless. This led China to promote a new type of international relations based on the win-win approach of mutual benefits and mutual security. It is an approach that sees the world as one, where cooperation is the most important condition for advancement.  That is why, when China's economic strength began to grow after the country launched its reform and opening-up policy, it started to help the poorest countries in the world. It extended a helping hand to those countries that could not obtain assistance from the World Bank or the International Monetary Fund because of the weakness of their respective economies — those countries considered by the West to be too high a risk for their investments.  That type of Western thinking was based solely on money. In fact, any assistance was usually premised on those countries giving up control of their economies to huge transnational corporations. In almost all the cases, investments only went toward the exploitation of natural resources. The leading Western powers used international financial institutions to impose economic policies that emasculated the borrowing countries' sovereignty.  China's cooperation with the developing countries has been qualitatively different. It never dictates to countries what they should do. Instead, it has worked with governments, which have identified their own priorities. It has never tried to subjugate any state for its sole benefit.  That is why much of the assistance given by China has been aimed at creating the conditions for sustained growth. Its investment projects have mainly been physical infrastructure such as roads, bridges, railways and ports as well as energy infrastructure such as hydroelectric plants. All these projects are intended to stimulate and facilitate economic growth.  A lot of assistance has gone toward building up social infrastructure, which has had a positive impact on the development of human capital and promoted sustainable growth. China has not only helped to build schools, hospitals and world-class sporting and cultural facilities, but has also provided tens of thousands of scholarships to students from developing countries. All of this has been done without imposing conditions that affected any country's independence.  This win-win diplomacy has paid great dividends for China and the other countries involved. Today, 152 countries have joined the Belt and Road Initiative. It is this new type of relations that has allowed China to become the largest trading partner of most of the countries in the world.  However, not everyone is happy with China's high and growing prestige throughout the world, particularly the United States.  Such countries' basic concern is that China's assistance is lessening the dependence of developing countries, many of which are endowed with natural resources, on the West. They are afraid of losing their power to dictate to former colonies and semi-colonies and to use them as a source of raw materials for the West.  The imperialist states have therefore set themselves two tasks. One is slowing China's economic progress. The idea here is to make many of the big projects too expensive for China to finance, and the second is using all means to discourage developing countries from building and strengthening relations with China. They have employed a wide array of measures to attain these objectives, including a campaign of slander, economic sanctions, threats and provocations.  In their effort to discredit China's assistance, they have spun incredulous stories. One of the most persistent is that China wants to create a "debt trap" for poor countries in order to control them politically. They use this approach, because that is precisely what they have been doing since the end of World War II.  On the economic front, they are using sanctions against China and other developing countries. In the case of China, they are using frivolous excuses to put obstacles in the way of Chinese companies that are operating abroad, accusing them of spying and other wild charges, none of which they ever back up with evidence.  On China itself, they are trying to prevent it from obtaining high-tech equipment and tools that these countries export. In this regard, they have banned the export of some microchips to China. They have also forced other countries to do the same. When China reacts by controlling some of its high-tech exports to the West, we hear a hue and cry complaining of China being unfair. All their measures are forcing China to become tech self-reliant.  Despite these concerted hostile measures, the Belt and Road Initiative has become widely accepted. All the countries, developed and developing, that are participating in it are experiencing positive results. The connectivity by road, rail and sea has stimulated individual and regional economies, as well as the international economy.  Another reason that the US is failing in its effort to roll back the Belt and Road has to do with the economic situation in many Western countries. Many countries in the European Union are experiencing recessions or are close to being in that state.  In the US, many people are becoming worried by the fact that the dollar is losing ground in international commerce. The use of the dollar as a weapon to sanction the world has led to more countries turning their backs on the dollar and using their own currencies.  Over the past 10 years, the Belt and Road Initiative has contributed greatly to many of the positive changes in the world. Apart from the obvious and demonstrable progress that has been achieved by all countries and regions involved in the Belt and Road, we see some tangible spinoffs from this bold and innovative plan. The projects are forging closer people-to-people ties throughout the world, which has helped to promote friendship and solidarity among peoples from various countries and continents. No doubt this will lead to greater international solidarity.  The author is a former president of Guyana. The views do not necessarily reflect those of China Daily.

“一带一路”推动全球南方繁荣

唐纳德·拉莫塔

2013年9月，中国国家主席习近平访问哈萨克斯坦时，正式提出丝绸之路经济带的倡议。次月，在印度尼西亚，习近平又提出了21世纪海上丝绸之路的倡议。这两大倡议合称为“一带一路”倡议。

当时之际，世界仍旧处于2008年全球金融危机的阴霾下，发达国家和发展中国家都受其影响。“一带一路”倡议提出时，强大的帝国主义国家正试图牺牲贫弱的全球南方国家，以解决自身的问题。

愈演愈烈的保护主义证实了这一点。西方国家给本国公司（无论是工业还是农业）大量补贴，因此发展中国家的商品在全球市场上失去竞争力。类似的保护主义措施导致了世界范围内贫困人数激增。

在20世纪70年代末，中国开启了改革开放的探索。在此基础上，中国寻求的解决方案不会对穷人和弱势群体产生负面影响。中国此后提出构建新型国际关系，正是基于互利共赢和共同安全的前提。这种新型关系将世界视为一个整体，合作是推动发展最重要的条件。

因此，中国在改革开放获得经济实力增长之后，开始帮助世界上最贫困的国家。中国向那些因经济贫弱而无法获得世界银行或国际货币基金组织援助的国家伸出援手——这些国家被西方认定为投资风险太高。

这种西式思维是金钱利益至上的。事实上，这种思维下的任何援助，通常都迫使这些国家放弃对本国经济的控制，巨型跨国公司进而掌控其国家经济。几乎所有情况下，这种投资只用于资源开发。西方大国操纵国际金融机构，用强加的经济政策削弱了借款国的主权。

中国与发展中国家的合作本质上有所不同。中国从不指示其他国家应该做什么。相反，中国与其他国家政府合作时，不会刻意干涉这些国家政府自己的优先事项。中国从未为自身利益而压制任何国家。

这就是为什么中国提供的大部分援助，都旨在为经济增长创造条件。其投资项目主要是基础设施，如道路、桥梁、铁路和港口，以及能源基础设施，如水电站。所有这些项目都旨在刺激和促进经济增长。

中国提供的大量援助，都被用于建设社会基础设施，这对人力资本的发展、可持续增长都产生了积极影响。中国不仅帮助建设学校、医院和体育文化设施，还向发展中国家学生提供了大量奖学金。所有这些援助，都是在不影响受援国家独立性的情况下完成的。

这种互利共赢的外交政策，为中国和参与国带来了巨大回报。如今，已有152个国家加入了“一带一路”倡议。正是这种新型关系，使中国成为了世界上大多数国家的最大贸易伙伴。

然而，并非所有国家都乐见中国在国际舞台提高声望，美国就是其中典型代表。

这些国家认为，中国的援助减少了发展中国家对西方的依赖，尤其是那些拥有丰富自然资源的发展中国家。美国为首的西方国家担心失去对前殖民地和半殖民地的控制权，这些西方国家的前殖民地长期都是西方原材料的来源地。

帝国主义国家由此制定了两项任务。第一是减缓中国的经济进步，通过提高大型项目价格，使中国无法获得融资。第二是利用一切手段，阻止发展中国家与中国建立和加强关系。他们采取了一系列措施来实现这些目标，包括诋毁、经济制裁、威胁和挑衅。

他们试图通过编造荒谬叙事，来破坏中国援助的声誉。其中最持久的一个是“债务陷阱”理论，称中国想要为贫穷国家设下“债务陷阱”以控制其政治。他们采取这种污名化策略，因为这种行径正是他们自身二战结束以来一直在做的。

在经济方面，他们对中国和其他发展中国家实施制裁。他们以无端的借口阻碍了在国外运营的中国企业，指责它们从事间谍活动，还有一些其他荒谬的指控，但从未提供证据。

他们试图阻止中国进口高科技设备工具。在这方面，他们禁止向中国出口一些芯片。他们还胁迫其他国家采取同样的做法。然而，当中国做出相似的举措，限制向西方出口一些高科技产品以做出反击时，我们却听到他们一片哀号，抱怨中国不公平。他们的所有措施都在迫使中国实现技术的自给自足。

尽管面对联手打压，“一带一路”倡议已被广泛接受。所有参与其中的国家，无论是发达国家还是发展中国家，都展现了积极的成果。公路、铁路和海洋的连接，已经刺激了国家经济、地区经济以及国际经济的活力。

美国打压“一带一路”倡议失败的另一个原因，与许多西方国家的经济状况有关。欧盟的一些国家正在经历经济衰退，或者濒临这种衰退状态。

在美国，许多人开始担忧美元在国际商业中失去地位。但将美元用作制裁世界的武器这一举动会导致更多国家背离美元，开始使用自己的货币。

在过去的10年中，世界发生了许多积极变化，“一带一路”倡议做出了巨大贡献。所有参与“一带一路”的国家和地区都取得了明显进步，除此之外，这一大胆和创新的计划也带来了很多实质性项目成果。这些项目正在加强世界各地人民之间的联系，这有助于促进各国和各大洲人民之间的友谊和团结。毫无疑问，这也将促进更大的国际团结。

作者是圭亚那前总统，文章内容并不代表《中国日报》的观点。

2023年每月第二周刊载作品目录

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